7 自定义菜单

自定义菜单意义作用请参考创建接口 介绍。

目标：三个菜单栏，体验click、view、media_id 三种类型的菜单按钮，其他类型在本小节学习之后，自行请查询公众平台wiki说明领悟。

7.1 创建菜单界面

1）根据公众平台wiki 给的json 数据编写代码，其中涉及media_id部分请阅读”永久素材”章节。

vim menu.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: menu.py
import urllib
from basic import Basic

class Menu(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def create(self, postData, accessToken):
        postUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=%s" % accessToken
        if isinstance(postData, unicode):
            postData = postData.encode('utf-8')
        urlResp = urllib.urlopen(url=postUrl, data=postData)
        print urlResp.read()

    def query(self, accessToken):
        postUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/get?access_token=%s" % accessToken
        urlResp = urllib.urlopen(url=postUrl)
        print urlResp.read()

    def delete(self, accessToken):
        postUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/delete?access_token=%s" % accessToken
        urlResp = urllib.urlopen(url=postUrl)
        print urlResp.read()
        
    #获取自定义菜单配置接口
    def get_current_selfmenu_info(self, accessToken):
        postUrl = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_current_selfmenu_info?access_token=%s" % accessToken
        urlResp = urllib.urlopen(url=postUrl)
        print urlResp.read()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    myMenu = Menu()
    postJson = """
    {
        "button":
        [
            {
                "type": "click",
                "name": "开发指引",
                "key":  "mpGuide"
            },
            {
                "name": "公众平台",
                "sub_button":
                [
                    {
                        "type": "view",
                        "name": "更新公告",
                        "url": "http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1418702138&token=&lang=zh_CN"
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "view",
                        "name": "接口权限说明",
                        "url": "http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1418702138&token=&lang=zh_CN"
                    },
                    {
                        "type": "view",
                        "name": "返回码说明",
                        "url": "http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki?t=resource/res_main&id=mp1433747234&token=&lang=zh_CN"
                    }
                ]
            },
            {
                "type": "media_id",
                "name": "旅行",
                "media_id": "z2zOokJvlzCXXNhSjF46gdx6rSghwX2xOD5GUV9nbX4"
            }
          ]
    }
    """
    accessToken = Basic().get_access_token()
    #myMenu.delete(accessToken)
    myMenu.create(postJson, accessToken)

2）在腾讯云服务器上执行命令：python menu.py。

3）查看： 重新关注公众号后即可看到新创建菜单界面，题外话，如果不重新关注，公众号界面也会自动更改，但有时间延迟。

如下图所示，点击子菜单“更新公告“（view类型），弹出网页（pc版本）

view

7.2 完善菜单功能

查看公众平台自定义菜单与自定义菜单事件推送 后，可知：点击click类型button，微信后台会推送一个event类型的xml 给开发者。

显然，click类型的还需要开发者进一步完善后台代码逻辑，增加对自定义菜单事件推送的相应。

7.2.1 流程图

流程图

7.2.2 码代码

vim handle.py （修改）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: handle.py
import reply
import receive
import web

class Handle(object):
    def POST(self):
        try:
            webData = web.data()
            print "Handle Post webdata is ", webData  # 后台打日志
            recMsg = receive.parse_xml(webData)
            if isinstance(recMsg, receive.Msg):
                toUser = recMsg.FromUserName
                fromUser = recMsg.ToUserName
                if recMsg.MsgType == 'text':
                    content = "test"
                    replyMsg = reply.TextMsg(toUser, fromUser, content)
                    return replyMsg.send()
                if recMsg.MsgType == 'image':
                    mediaId = recMsg.MediaId
                    replyMsg = reply.ImageMsg(toUser, fromUser, mediaId)
                    return replyMsg.send()
            if isinstance(recMsg, receive.EventMsg):
                toUser = recMsg.FromUserName
                fromUser = recMsg.ToUserName
                if recMsg.Event == 'CLICK':
                    if recMsg.Eventkey == 'mpGuide':
                        content = u"编写中，尚未完成".encode('utf-8')
                        replyMsg = reply.TextMsg(toUser, fromUser, content)
                        return replyMsg.send()
            print "暂且不处理"
            return reply.Msg().send()
        except Exception, Argment:
            return Argment

2）vim receive.py (修改)

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: receive.py
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

def parse_xml(web_data):
    if len(web_data) == 0:
        return None
    xmlData = ET.fromstring(web_data)
    msg_type = xmlData.find('MsgType').text
    if msg_type == 'event':
        event_type = xmlData.find('Event').text
        if event_type == 'CLICK':
            return Click(xmlData)
        #elif event_type in ('subscribe', 'unsubscribe'):
            #return Subscribe(xmlData)
        #elif event_type == 'VIEW':
            #return View(xmlData)
        #elif event_type == 'LOCATION':
            #return LocationEvent(xmlData)
        #elif event_type == 'SCAN':
            #return Scan(xmlData)
    elif msg_type == 'text':
        return TextMsg(xmlData)
    elif msg_type == 'image':
        return ImageMsg(xmlData)

class EventMsg(object):
    def __init__(self, xmlData):
        self.ToUserName = xmlData.find('ToUserName').text
        self.FromUserName = xmlData.find('FromUserName').text
        self.CreateTime = xmlData.find('CreateTime').text
        self.MsgType = xmlData.find('MsgType').text
        self.Event = xmlData.find('Event').text
class Click(EventMsg):
    def __init__(self, xmlData):
        EventMsg.__init__(self, xmlData)
        self.Eventkey = xmlData.find('EventKey').text

7.3 体验

编译好代码后，重新启动服务，（sudo python main.py 80）,view类型、media_id类型的本身就很容易实现，现在重点看一下click类型的菜单按钮。

微信扫码成为公众号的粉丝，点击菜单按钮“开发指引”。

查看后台日志，发现接收到一条xml，如截图：

参考资料

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Getting_Started/Getting_Started_Guide.html