Spring Security
大家好，我是老马。
web 安全一直是重中之重，今天我们一起来学习下 Spring Security 是如何使用的。
对于 web 安全的控制，以前接触使用过 Shiro。
刚好最近在学习整理 Spring 相关的技术，就学习一下 Spring Security。
是什么？
Spring Security是一个框架，致力于为Java应用程序提供身份验证和授权。
像所有Spring项目一样，Spring Security的真正强大之处在于可以轻松扩展以满足自定义要求。
Hello World
看了下官方的文档 5.0.0.RELEASE doc， 案例依赖于 gradle，一直以来使用的是 maven。
就直接按照 Spring Security入门程序示例 作为入门。
测试环境
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_91"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_91-b14)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.91-b14, mixed mode)
$ mvn -v
Apache Maven 3.3.9
项目结构
完整代码地址，如有帮助不妨给个 Star。
├── pom.xml
└── src
├── main
│ ├── java
│ │ └── com
│ │ └── ryo
│ │ └── spring
│ │ └── security
│ │ └── hello
│ │ └── controller
│ │ └── HelloWorldController.java
│ ├── resources
│ │ ├── application-mvc.xml
│ │ ├── application-security.xml
│ │ └── application.xml
│ └── webapp
│ └── WEB-INF
│ ├── pages
│ │ ├── admin.jsp
│ │ └── hello.jsp
│ └── web.xml
文件内容
- pom.xml
引入指定的 jar 和插件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-security</artifactId>
<groupId>com.ryo</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>spring-security-hello</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--统一制定依赖 jar 的版本-->
<dependency>
<groupId>io.spring.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>platform-bom</artifactId>
<version>2.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- Spring dependencies -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Security -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl for jsp page -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!--tomcat7 插件，用于运行项目-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<port>8080</port>
<path>/</path>
<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- admin.jsp & hello.jsp
两个 jsp 页面，内容如下：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@page session="true"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
</head>
<body>
<h1>标题: ${title}</h1>
<h1>消息 : ${message}</h1>
<c:if test="${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name != null}">
<h2>欢迎: ${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name}
| <a href="<c:url value="/j_spring_security_logout" />" > Logout</a></h2>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
</head>
<body>
<h1>标题：${title}</h1>
<h1>消息：${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>
- web.xml
用于指定 web 项目相关的配置，内容如下：
<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--装入spring配置文件-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 以Listener方式启动spring -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--过滤字符集-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--spring mvc-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Spring Security -->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy
</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
- application.xml
spring 配置文件，引入了 application-mvc.xml 和 application-security.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="application-mvc.xml"/>
<import resource="application-security.xml"/>
</beans>
- application-mvc.xml
spring mvc 的配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!--扫描@Controller注解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ryo.spring.security.hello.controller">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- application-security.xml
spring security 的配置：
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">
<http auto-config="true">
<intercept-url pattern="/admin**" access="hasRole('ROLE_USER')" />
</http>
<authentication-manager>
<authentication-provider>
<user-service>
<user name="ryo" password="123456" authorities="ROLE_USER" />
</user-service>
</authentication-provider>
</authentication-manager>
</beans:beans>
- HelloWorldController.java
简单的页面控制类：
package com.ryo.spring.security.hello.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class HelloWorldController {
/**
* 返回 hello 视图
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/welcome**" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView welcomePage() {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();
model.addObject("title", "Spring Security Hello World");
model.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
model.setViewName("hello");
return model;
}
/**
* 返回 admin 视图
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/admin**", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView adminPage() {
ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView();
model.addObject("title", "Spring Security Hello World");
model.addObject("message", "This is protected page!");
model.setViewName("admin");
return model;
}
}
运行访问
直接运行 插件 tomcat7:run 启动服务，或者手动部署到 tomcat，此处不再赘述。
启动日志如下：
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
...
[INFO] Running war on http://localhost:8080/
...
[INFO] Mapped "{[/admin**],methods=[GET]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.ryo.spring.security.hello.controller.HelloWorldController.adminPage()
[INFO] Mapped "{[/ || /welcome**],methods=[GET]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView com.ryo.spring.security.hello.controller.HelloWorldController.welcomePage()
...
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
- 首页
直接浏览器访问 http://localhost:8080/，首页内容如下：
标题：Spring Security Hello World
消息：This is welcome page!
- admin
如果我们尝试访问 http://localhost:8080/admin，会进入登录页面。
用户名密码和我们 application-security.xml 文件中配置一致。
一、输入错误信息
页面内容如下：
Your login attempt was not successful, try again.
Reason: Bad credentials
二、输入正确信息
标题: Spring Security Hello World
消息 : This is protected page!
欢迎: ryo | Logout
小结
这次的 spring Security 入门案例就到这里，下一节我们将来看一下另一个权限框架 shiro。
希望本文对你有所帮助，如果喜欢，欢迎点赞收藏转发一波。
我是老马，期待与你的下次相遇。
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